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Fecal Microbial Transplant Capsules Are Safe in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Phase 1, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial

Bajaj, J., Salzman, N., Acharya, C., Sterling, R., White, M., & Gavis, E. et al. (2019). Fecal Microbial Transplant Capsules Are Safe in Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Phase 1, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial. Hepatology, 70(5), 1690-1703. doi:10.1002/hep.30690

Antibiotic-Associated Disruption of Microbiota Composition and Function in Cirrhosis Is Restored by Fecal Transplant

Bajaj, J. S., Kakiyama, G., Savage, T., Takei, H, Kassam, Z. A., Fagan, A., … & Gillevet, P. M. (2018). Antibiotic‐Associated Disruption of Microbiota Composition and Function in Cirrhosis Is Restored by Fecal Transplant. Hepatology, 68: 1549-1558.

Fecal microbiota transplant from a rational stool donor improves hepatic encephalopathy: A randomized clinical trial

Bajaj, J. S., Kassam, Z., Fagan, A., Gavis, E. A., Liu, E., Cox, I. J., … & Williams, R. (2017). Fecal microbiota transplant from a rational stool donor improves hepatic encephalopathy: A randomized clinical trial. Hepatology.

Fecal microbiota transplant using a precision medicine approach is safe, associated with lower hospitalization risk and improved cognitive function in recurrent hepatic encephalopathy

Bajaj, J. S., Kassam, Z., Fagan, A., Gavis, E., Liu, E. J., Kheradman, R., … & Alm, E. (2017). Fecal microbiota transplant using a precision medicine approach is safe, Associated with lower hospitalization risk and improved cognitive function in recurrent hepatic encephalopathy. Gastroenterology, 152(5), S906.

The Gut Microbiome in Autoimmune Hepatitis Links to Disease Progression and is Significantly Different from Lupus and Healthy Controls

Kumar, V., Vieira, S. M., Ruff, W., Dehner, C., Kassam, Z., Boyer, J. L., … & Kriegel, M. (2017, October). The Gut Microbiome in Autoimmune Hepatitis Links to Disease Progression and is Significantly Different from Lupus and Healthy Controls. HEPATOLOGY (Vol. 66, pp. 189A-189A).

Impact of fecal microbiota transplantation with capsules on the prevention of metabolic syndrome among patients with obesity

Allegretti JR, Kassam Z, Hurtado J, Marchesi JR, Mullish BH, Chiang A, Thompson CC, Cummings BP. Impact of fecal microbiota transplantation with capsules on the prevention of metabolic syndrome among patients with obesity. Hormones (Athens). 2021 Jan 9. doi: 10.1007/s42000-020-00265-z. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33420959.

Fecal microbiota transplantation improves metabolic syndrome parameters: systematic review with meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials

Proença IM, Allegretti JR, Bernardo WM, de Moura DTH, Ponte Neto AM, Matsubayashi CO, Flor MM, Kotinda APST, de Moura EGH. Fecal microbiota transplantation improves metabolic syndrome parameters: systematic review with meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials. Nutr Res. 2020 Nov;83:1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.06.018. Epub 2020 Jul 3. PMID: 32987284.

Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation With Oral Capsules in Obese Patients

Allegretti, J., Kassam, Z., Mullish, B., Chiang, A., Carrellas, M., & Hurtado, J. et al. (2019). Effects of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation With Oral Capsules in Obese Patients. Clinical Gastroenterology And Hepatology. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.006

Does fecal microbiota transplantation from an obese donor lead to weight gain? A case series of 70 recipients

Fischer, M., Sipe, B., Torbeck, M., Xu, H., Kassam, Z., & Allegretti, J. R. (2017). Does fecal microbiota transplantation from an obese donor lead to weight gain? A case series of 70 recipients. Gastroenterology, 152(5), S1004.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) as an Adjunctive Therapy for Depression-Case Report

Beglinger C, Borgwardt S, Raes J, Schmidt A, Lang UE. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) as an Adjunctive Therapy for Depression-Case Report. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Feb 17;13:815422. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.815422. PMID: 35250668; PMCID: PMC8891755.

Fecal Microbial Transplant in Individuals With Immune-Mediated Dry Eye

Watane A, Cavuoto KM, Rojas M, Dermer H, Day JO, Banerjee S, Galor A. Fecal Microbial Transplant in Individuals With Immune-Mediated Dry Eye. Am J Ophthalmol. 2022 Jan;233:90-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2021.06.022. Epub 2021 Jun 30. PMID: 34214453; PMCID: PMC8678170.

Precise quantification of bacterial strains after fecal microbiota transplantation delineates long-term engraftment and explains outcomes

Aggarwala V, Mogno I, Li Z, Yang C, Britton GJ, Chen-Liaw A, Mitcham J, Bongers G, Gevers D, Clemente JC, Colombel JF, Grinspan A, Faith J. Precise quantification of bacterial strains after fecal microbiota transplantation delineates long-term engraftment and explains outcomes. Nat Microbiol. 2021 Oct;6(10):1309-1318. doi: 10.1038/s41564-021-00966-0. Epub 2021 Sep 27. PMID: 34580445.

Progressive Shifts in the Gut Microbiome Reflect Prediabetes and Diabetes Development in a Treatment-Naive Mexican Cohort

Diener, C., Reyes-Escogido, M., Jimenez-Ceja, L., Matus, M., Gomez-Navarro, C., & Chu, N. et al. (2021). Progressive Shifts in the Gut Microbiome Reflect Prediabetes and Diabetes Development in a Treatment-Naive Mexican Cohort. Frontiers In Endocrinology, 11. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.602326

Functional Restoration of Bacteriomes and Viromes by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Fujimoto K, Kimura Y, Allegretti JR, Yamamoto M, Zhang YZ, Katayama K, Tremmel G, Kawaguchi Y, Shimohigoshi M, Hayashi T, Uematsu M, Yamaguchi K, Furukawa Y, Akiyama Y, Yamaguchi R, Crowe SE, Ernst PB, Miyano S, Kiyono H, Imoto S, Uematsu S. Functional Restoration of Bacteriomes and Viromes by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation. Gastroenterology. 2021 Feb 9:S0016-5085(21)00400-5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2021.02.013. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33577875.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and donor recruitment for FMT

Ianiro G, Mullish BH, Hvas CL, Segal JP, Kuijper EJ, Costello SP, Kelly CR, Allegretti JR, Fischer M, Iqbal TH, Satokari R, Kao D, van Prehn J, Ng SC, Bibbò S, Baunwall SMD, Quraishi MN, Sokol H, Zhang F, Keller J, Masucci L, Quaranta G, Kassam Z, Sanguinetti M, Tilg H, Gasbarrini A, Cammarota G. SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and donor recruitment for FMT. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Feb 8:S2468-1253(21)00032-7. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(21)00032-7. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33571456.

Fecal microbiota transplantation in HIV: A pilot placebo-controlled study

Serrano-Villar S, Talavera-Rodríguez A, Gosalbes MJ, Madrid N, Pérez-Molina JA, Elliott RJ, Navia B, Lanza VF, Vallejo A, Osman M, Dronda F, Budree S, Zamora J, Gutiérrez C, Manzano M, Vivancos MJ, Ron R, Martínez-Sanz J, Herrera S, Ansa U, Moya A, Moreno S. Fecal microbiota transplantation in HIV: A pilot placebo-controlled study. Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 18;12(1):1139. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21472-1. PMID: 33602945.

Screening of faecal microbiota transplant donors during the COVID-19 outbreak: suggestions for urgent updates from an international expert panel

Ianiro, G., Mullish, B., Kelly, C., Sokol, H., Kassam, Z., & Ng, S. et al. (2020). Screening of faecal microbiota transplant donors during the COVID-19 outbreak: suggestions for urgent updates from an international expert panel. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30082-0

The impact of gastrointestinal dysmotility on the aerodigestive microbiome of pediatric lung transplant recipients

Lötstedt B, Boyer D, Visner G, Freiberger D, Lurie M, Kane M, DiFilippo C, Lundeberg J, Narvaez-Rivas M, Setchell K, Alm E, Rosen R. The impact of gastrointestinal dysmotility on the aerodigestive microbiome of pediatric lung transplant recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2020 Dec 5:S1053-2498(20)31860-X. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.11.013. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33349521.

Triclosan has a robust, yet reversible impact on human gut microbial composition in vitro

Mahalak, K., Firrman, J., Lee, J., Bittinger, K., Nunez, A., Mattei, L., Zhang, H., Fett, B., Bobokalonov, J., Arango-Argoty, G., Zhang, G., Zhang, G., Liu, Lin. (2020) Triclosan has a robust, yet reversible impact on human gut microbial composition in vitro. PLONE ONE. 15(6): e0234046. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0234046

Modelling donor screening strategies to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via fecal microbiota transplantation

Olesen, S., Zaman, A., Osman, M., & Ramakrishna, B. (2020). Modelling donor screening strategies to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via fecal microbiota transplantation. Open Forum Infectious Diseases. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa499

Changes in gastrointestinal microbial communities influence HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade

SahBandar, I., Chew, G., Corley, M., Pang, A., Tsai, N., & Hanks, N. et al. (2020). Changes in gastrointestinal microbial communities influence HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade. AIDS, 34(10), 1451-1460. doi: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002557

Periodic screening of donor faeces with a quarantine period to prevent transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms during faecal microbiota transplantation: a retrospective cohort study

Vendrik, K., Terveer, E., Kuijper, E., Nooij, S., Boeije-Koppenol, E., & Sanders, I. et al. (2020). Periodic screening of donor faeces with a quarantine period to prevent transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms during faecal microbiota transplantation: a retrospective cohort study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. doi: 10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30473-4

Faecal microbiota transplantation for diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

Aroniadis, O., Brandt, L., Oneto, C., Feuerstadt, P., Sherman, A., & Wolkoff, A. et al. (2019). Faecal microbiota transplantation for diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(19)30198-0

Fulminant Clostridium difficile Infection Cured by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient With Critical Neutropenia

Krajicek, E., Bohm, M., Sagi, S., & Fischer, M. (2019). Fulminant Clostridium difficile Infection Cured by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient With Critical Neutropenia. ACG Case Reports Journal, 6(8), e00198. doi:10.14309/crj.0000000000000198

Successful Treatment of Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection with Emergent Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Prolonged, Severe Neutropenia

Lee, M., Ramakrishna, B., Moss, A., Gold, H., & Branch‐Elliman, W. (2019). Successful Treatment of Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection with Emergent Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Prolonged, Severe Neutropenia. Transplant Infectious Disease. doi:10.1111/tid.13216

Microbiome predictors of dysbiosis and VRE decolonization in patients with recurrent C. difficile infections in a multi-center retrospective study

Santiago, M., Eysenbach, L., Allegretti, J., Aroniadis, O., J. Brandt, L., & Fischer, M. et al. (2019). Microbiome predictors of dysbiosis and VRE decolonization in patients with recurrent C. difficile infections in a multi-center retrospective study. AIMS Microbiology, 5(1), 1-18. doi:10.3934/microbiol.2019.1.1

Intestinal Microbial and Metabolic Alterations Following Successful Fecal Microbiota Transplant for D-Lactic Acidosis

Bulik-Sullivan, E. C., Roy, S., Elliott, R. J., Kassam, Z., Lichtman, S. N., Carroll, I. M., & Gulati, A. S. (2018). Intestinal microbial and metabolic alterations following successful fecal microbiota transplant for D-lactic acidosis. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 67(4), 483-487.

HIV-exposure, early life feeding practices and delivery mode impacts on faecal bacterial profiles in a South African birth cohort

Claassen-Weitz, S., Gardner-Lubbe, S., Nicol, P., Botha, G., Mounaud, S., Shankar, J., … & Nicol, M. P. (2018). HIV-exposure, early life feeding practices and delivery mode impacts on faecal bacterial profiles in a South African birth cohort. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 5078.

Predictability and persistence of prebiotic dietary supplementation in a healthy human cohort

Gurry, T., HST Microbiome Consortium*, Gibbons, S. M., Nguyen, L., Kearney, S. M., Ananthakrishnan, A., Jiang, X., Duvallet, C., Kassam, Z., … Alm, E. J. (2018). Predictability and persistence of prebiotic dietary supplementation in a healthy human cohort. Scientific Reports, 8(1), 12699. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-30783-1

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Gastrointestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Restores the Microbiome: A Pediatric Experience

Wong, W. F., Budree, S., Osman, M., Panchal, P., Kassam, Z., Corkins, M. R., … & Maron, G. M. (2018). Tu1882-Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Improves Gastrointestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Restores the Microbiome: A Pediatric Experience. Gastroenterology, 154(6), S-1046.

Serendipity in Refractory Celiac Disease: Full Recovery of Duodenal Villi and Clinical Symptoms after Fecal Microbiota Transfer

van Beurden, Y.H., van Gils, T., van Gils, N.A., Kassam, Z., Mulder, C.J., Aparicio-Pagés, N. (2016) Serendipity in Refractory Celiac Disease: Full Recovery of Duodenal Villi and Clinical Symptoms after Fecal Microbiota Transfer. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis., 25(3), 385-8.

Impact of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Gut Bacterial Bile Acid Metabolism in Humans

Bustamante JM, Dawson T, Loeffler C, Marfori Z, Marchesi JR, Mullish BH, Thompson CC, Crandall KA, Rahnavard A, Allegretti JR, Cummings BP. Impact of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation on Gut Bacterial Bile Acid Metabolism in Humans. Nutrients. 2022 Dec 7;14(24):5200. doi: 10.3390/nu14245200. PMID: 36558359; PMCID: PMC9785599.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Across the Lifespan: Balancing Efficacy, Safety, and Innovation

Gulati AS, Nicholson MR, Khoruts A, Kahn SA. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Across the Lifespan: Balancing Efficacy, Safety, and Innovation. Am J Gastroenterol. 2023 Jan 25. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002167. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36580630.

Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Current Evidence on Clinical Cure for FMT for the Treatment of Recurrent C. difficile Infection

This paper reviews important points to consider when extrapolating existing efficacy data to the unique situation of an individual patient.

Evaluating a Patient for FMT (For the Treatment of C. difficile)

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) has been shown to treat 80-90% of C. difficile infections not responsive to antibiotic therapy in clinical trials and real-world settings. However, the utility of FMT depends on accurate CDI diagnosis and patient selection. As many as 25% of patients may be incorrectly referred for FMT. This paper covers the considerations when evaluating patients for FMT for the treatment of C. difficile.

Current Evidence on the Safety of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) for C. difficile infection

In this paper, we provide an overview on the safety of FMT and important points to consider about the procedure. The perspectives presented here draw from the general safety of FMT sourced from universal stool banks (like OpenBiome) and hospital-based stool banks.

This paper is aimed at physicians and healthcare professionals caring for patients being considered for FMT as well as patients themselves.